Which statement best describes the major components of the axial skeleton?

The correct statement about the major components of the axial skeleton is that it consists of bones in the head and trunk. The axial skeleton is primarily made up of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage, which serve to support and protect vital organs as well as provide a framework for the body.

The skull contains the bones that form the cranium and facial structures, while the vertebral column is made up of individual vertebrae that protect the spinal cord and provide structural support. The rib cage includes the ribs and sternum, which encase the heart and lungs, contributing to both protection and respiratory function.

This definition emphasizes the significance of the axial skeleton in maintaining the body's structure and housing essential organs, distinguishing it from other parts of the skeleton, such as the appendicular skeleton, which includes limb bones. Therefore, the comprehensive understanding of the axial skeleton centers on its role in the body's core structure rather than solely limb bones, specific vertebrae, or ligaments.